一、result简述
result：输出结果；第个Action返回一个字符串，Struts2根据这个值来决定响应结果
name属性：result的逻辑名。和Actin里的返回值匹配，默认"success"
值 ：指定对应的实际资源位置
二、Action中返回其它值
如果Action中返回其它扯，result中的Name属性要与之对应才可以找到指定的资源
Action默认定义了一些常量，可以拿来使用
package com.opensymphony.xwork2; public interface Action { public static final String SUCCESS = "success"; public static final String NONE = "none"; public static final String ERROR = "error"; public static final String INPUT = "input"; public static final String LOGIN = "login"; }
三、type属性
<result-types> <result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/> <result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/> <result-type name="freemarker" class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerResult"/> <result-type name="httpheader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.HttpHeaderResult"/> <result-type name="redirect" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletRedirectResult"/> <result-type name="redirectAction" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletActionRedirectResult"/> <result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult"/> <result-type name="velocity" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.VelocityResult"/> <result-type name="xslt" class="org.apache.struts2.views.xslt.XSLTResult"/> <result-type name="plainText" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PlainTextResult" /> </result-types>
这个配置显示了几种常见的结果类型，关于这些以及其他结果类型，各自作用简介如下：
dispatcher: 将请求转发（forward）到本应用程序中指定的资源(JSP 或Servlet)
chain: Action 链式处理，将请求转发（forward）到指定的Action
redirect: 请求重定向到指定的 URL(页面或者Action)
redirectAction: 请求重定向到指定的Action
json：实现Ajax 时返回JSON 对象
freemarker：处理FreeMarker 模板
httpheader：控制特殊HTTP 行为的结果类型
stream：像浏览器发送InputStream 对象，通常用来处理文件下载，还可用于返回Ajax
数据
velocity：处理Velocity 模板
xslt：处理XML/XLST 模板
plainText：显示原始文件内容，例如文件源代码
package com.pb.web.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.pb.entity.User; /* * 登录响应action 以javaBean方式接收用户登录输入的用户名和密码 */ public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; //实例化对象 private User user; //要有execute方法 public String execute(){ return SUCCESS; } public String login(){ if(user.getUserName().equals("accp") && user.getPassWord().equals("accp")){ return SUCCESS; }else{ return INPUT; } } public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } }
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" /> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default"> <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.LoginAction" method="login"> <result name="success" type="redirect"> /loginSuccess.jsp </result> <result name="input" type="dispatcher"> /login.jsp </result> </action>
<package name="user" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default"> <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction"> <result type="chain"> <param name="actionName"> houseAction </param> <param name="namespace"> / house </param> </result> </action> </package> <package name="house" namespace="/house" extends="struts-default"> <action name=" houseAction " class="com.pb.web.action.HouseAction"> <result> /houseSuccess.jsp </result> </action> </package>
四、全局结果
package com.pb.web.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class HourseAction extends ActionSupport { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public String add(){ System.out.println("执行添加操作！"); try{ if(1==1){ //调用service的方法 throw new Exception(); } }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); return ERROR; } return "success"; } public String update(){ System.out.println("执行更新操作！"); try{ if(1==1){ //调用service的方法 throw new Exception(); } }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); return ERROR; } return "success"; } public String delete(){ System.out.println("执行删除操作！"); try{ if(1==1){ //调用service的方法 throw new Exception(); } }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); return ERROR; } return "success"; } }
<global-results>
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
</global-results>
<!-- <action name="hourse_*" class="com.pb.web.action.HourseAction" method="{1}">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
{
1}success.jsp
</result>
</action> -->
<action name="hourse_add" class="com.pb.web.action.HourseAction" method="add">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
/loginSuccess.jsp
</result>
</action>
<action name="hourse_update" class="com.pb.web.action.HourseAction" method="update">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
/loginSuccess.jsp
</result>
</action>
<action name="hourse_delete" class="com.pb.web.action.HourseAction" method="delete">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
/loginSuccess.jsp
</result>
<result name="error">/error1.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
五、动态结果
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>登录页面</title> </head> <body> <form action="user/login.action" method="post"> <table> <tr> <td>用户名:</td> <!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用 --> <td><input type="text" name="user.username" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>密码:</td> <!--这里的name要和提交的地址中声明的实体类.属性来用 --> <td><input type="password" name="user.password" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="submit" value="登录" /></td> <td><input type="reset" value="重置" /></td> </tr> </table> </form> </body> </html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>管理员用户页面</title> </head> <body> 管理员用户页面 </body> </html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>普通用户</title> </head> <body> 普通用户页面 </body> </html>
User实体类
package com.pb.enity; public class User { private String username; private String password; public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }
UserAction
package com.pb.web.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; import com.pb.enity.User; public class UserAction extends ActionSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private User user; //下一个中转的Action private String nextDispose; public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } public String getNextDispose() { return nextDispose; } public void setNextDispose(String nextDispose) { this.nextDispose = nextDispose; } public String login(){ //用户是admin就转到adminAction if(user.getUsername().equals("admin") && user.getPassword().equals("admin")){ nextDispose="admin"; return SUCCESS; //用户是admin就转到commonAction }else if(user.getUsername().equals("common") && user.getPassword().equals("common")){ nextDispose="common"; return SUCCESS; //其它就跳转到登录页面 }else{ return INPUT; } } }
CommonAction
package com.pb.web.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class CommonAction extends ActionSupport { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override public String execute() throws Exception { return SUCCESS; } }
AdminAction
package com.pb.web.action; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class AdminAction extends ActionSupport { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override public String execute() throws Exception { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return SUCCESS; } }
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" /> <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> <!-- Add packages here --> <package name="user" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default"> <action name="login" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction" method="login"> <!-- 通过${}取出在UserAciton中定义的变量对应下面的action name --> <result name="success" type="redirectAction">${nextDispose}</result> <result name="input">/login.jsp</result> </action> <action name="admin" class="com.pb.web.action.AdminAction"> <result name="success">/admin.jsp</result> </action> <action name="common" class="com.pb.web.action.CommonAction"> <result name="success">/common.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
